The territory of the region has a temperate-continental climate with warm summer, mild winter and enough precipitation, which was influenced by different factors. The height of the Sun above the horizon and the magnitude of solar radiation are connected with the main factor which is the geographical latitude. The length of the day changes from 8 to 16.5 hours. Khmelnytskyi region is located in the depths of the mainland, so the climate is influenced by continental air masses, which bring dry weather. In winter, the air of the Siberian anticyclone arrives here, which brings cold weather, and in summer the Azores maximum has an impact. In spring and early autumn the Arctic air penetrates into the region, which brings a sharp cooling. At all seasons the territory of the region is under the influence of cyclones that form over the Atlantic Ocean. In summer they cause significant clouds, precipitation, lowering the air temperature, and in winter – warming, thaws, snowfalls. The climate is also affected by the terrain. Its various forms cause differences in air temperatures, precipitation, wind direction and strength.
The intrusion of continental air masses leads to significant fluctuations in air temperature at all seasons. In summer the air can heat up to +39 °С (absolute maximum), and in winter it can cool down to -34 °С (absolute minimum).
In summer time there often are showers, thunderstorms, and sometimes hail. Snow cover is formed in the second half of December and lasts, mainly, until the first decade of March. The seasons are clearly distinguished throughout the territory. Each of them has its own characteristics. Winter is short and mild, and often with thaws. Spring begins in the second decade of March, when the air temperature steadily rises above 0 °C and it lasts until the last decade of May. Summer lasts from the end of May to the first decade of September. Air temperatures rise above +15 °С, it is possible to rise to +39 °С (Kamianets-Podilskyi city). South-eastern winds dominate, the number of clear days increases. In the first half of summer there are often short-term showers, a lot of rainfall.
Autumn lasts from late September to late November. The first half is excelled by clear sunny days. The first frosts happen in middle September. Sufficient humidity and optimal temperature regime create conditions for growing different crops throughout the region. Climatic phenomena are sometimes observed in the region, which has a negative impact on the development of agricultural crops. These are early autumn and late spring frosts, showers, hail, freezing of crops in some winters (when the snow cover is absent and the air temperature is quite low). Climatic conditions in the southern regions of the region (especially on the banks of the Dniester and its tributaries) are favorable for rest.
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